Intro
To begin, let’s start with an example that many may be familiar with. Picture this: You are preparing to enter to attend the temple. Perhaps your recommend is expired or it is your first time attending. You go through all the required steps: 1) Set up a meeting with a member of the bishopric; 2) Meet with one of them; 3) Set appointment to meet with a member of the Stake Presidency; and 4) Meet with one of them. As you meet with each authority, you are asked the following questions:
1 Do you have faith in and a testimony of God the Eternal Father, His Son Jesus Christ, and the Holy Ghost?
2 Do you have a testimony of the Atonement of Christ and of His role as Savior and Redeemer?
3 Do you have a testimony of the restoration of the gospel in these the latter days?
4 Do you sustain the President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints as the Prophet, Seer, and Revelator and as the only person on the earth who possesses and is authorized to exercise all priesthood keys? Do you sustain members of the First Presidency and the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles as prophets, seers, and revelators? Do you sustain the other General Authorities and local authorities of the Church?
5 Do you live the law of chastity?
6 Is there anything in your conduct relating to members of your family that is not in harmony with the teachings of the Church?
7 Do you support, affiliate with, or agree with any group or individual whose teachings or practices are contrary to or oppose those accepted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints?
8 Do you strive to keep the covenants you have made, to attend your sacrament and other meetings, and to keep your life in harmony with the laws and commandments of the gospel?
9 Are you honest in your dealings with your fellowmen?
10 Are you a full-tithe payer?
11 Do your keep the Word of Wisdom?
12 Do you have financial or other obligations to a former spouse or children? If yes, are you current in meeting those obligations?
13 If you have previously received your temple endowment:
Do you keep the covenants that you made in the temple?
Do you wear the garment both night and day as instructed in the endowment and in accordance with the covenant you made in the temple?
14 Have there been any sins or misdeeds in your life that should have been resolved with priesthood authorities but have not been?
15 Do you consider yourself worthy to enter the Lord’s house and participate in temple ordinances?
You answer appropriately to each questions poised. The leader finishes asking the question, tension releases as he begins to fill out and sign the recommend. It’s complete: you are now worthy to enter into the temple and now you're in right standing before God, right?
Many of us may confidently respond in the affirmative. All the boxes are checked and both ecclesiastical leaders have signed-off on our worthiness. The answer, however, is not has straightforward as we think. To understand why, let’s look at the inherent flaw with this procedure of measuring worthiness.
Defining Worthiness
Before I address the flaws, I would first like to define what we mean by “worthiness.” This term seems to be unique to Latter-Day Saint terminology compared to other Christian denominations, and seems to used quite often when it comes to gospel discussion.
To find the definition, I pulled from different sources. Here is what I have discovered.
- The word can be found in the Old Testament, but it carries a temporal meaning instead of a spiritual one.
- The New Testament also uses this word. Here, we find a usage similar to LDS
- General Conference talks, for the most party, associate worthiness with morality. Also, the word comes into usage in the early 70s, and then comes back into usage in the recent General Conference talks.
- A article by Thomas S. Monson, found on LDS.org associates the the word with moral uprightness.
Another source we can draw from is the dictionary.
- The 1828 dictionary defines it as, “Deserving; such as merits; having worth or excellence; equivalent; with of, before the thing deserved”
- Using Google, the word means good enough; suitable
- And using the Bible dictionary, it defines it as as a righteous or correct standing before God.
From this, we see that worthiness has different meanings. We also see, however, that in some instances worthiness is associated with morality. It seems that the General Conference talks and the article match the LDS definition of worthiness–a worthiness dealing with moral uprightness, or in other word righteousness. (I use these terms interchangeably.)
This is important to point out. Because if we associate worthiness as being moral upright, we then believe that by having a temple recommend we are morally upright.
The Inherent Flaw
To identify the flaw, I am going to run some hypotheticals to test how far temple recommend worthiness encompass moral uprightness. And for the sake of testing, I will assume that each person in the hypothetical has a temple recommend.
- Person sees someone begging on the streets but declines to offer any support. (Mosiah 4)
- Person notices that his coworker is having more success than he he his. The person gets envious and his thoughts revolve around how unfair life is, and even more insidiously he wishes for his colleague to fail. (Alma 5)
- Person decides to spend his Sunday afternoon watching sports and tv. (D&C 59)
- Person neglects to read his scriptures for an extended period of time. (2 Nephi 31)
- Person neglects to pray (Alma 34)
These are just a few examples, but as you can see, the inherent flaw is that the temple recommend questions are too narrow. Each of the above examples, except maybe (1), are not covered in the questions. What this shows is that worthiness is a broad concept that encompasses many different aspects, which 15 questions won’t be able to properly measure.
But that is just the technical side. There is a more insidious problem lurking when use the questions to measure our moral uprightness: we deceive ourselves in believing we are more righteous than we are.
Consequences
The following list below is a non-exhaustive list of some of the result of basing our moral uprightness on a set of 15 questions:
- Checklist obedience
- Creates an in and out group
Checklist
One result of having a checklist of questions we answer is that we inadvertently approach coming to God in a checklist manner. We believe that because we can answer correctly to each question, then we are in good terms with God. However, this thinking is false. To see how, let’s first turn to Alma. He remarks,
30 And now, my brethren, I would that, after ye have received so many witnesses, seeing that the holy scriptures testify of these things, ye come forth and bring fruit unto repentance.31 Yea, I would that ye would come forth and harden not your hearts any longer; for behold, now is the time and the day of your salvation; and therefore, if ye will repent and harden not your hearts, immediately shall the great plan of redemption be brought about unto you. 32 For behold, this life is the time for men to prepare to meet God; yea, behold the day of this is the day for men to perform their labors. 33 And now, as I said unto you before, as ye have have had so many witnesses, therefore, I beseech of you that ye do not procrastinate the day of your repentance until the end; for after his day of life, which is given us to prepare for eternity, behold, if we do not improve our time while in this life, then cometh the night of darkness wherein there can be no labor performed.
The verse to pay attention to is 32. In it, Alma remarks that life is a prepping period to meet God. It’s helpful to understand that the meaning of meet is to be taken literally. We are to prepare ourselves to meet God. This means that our goal is to come into his presence. However, the Lord has been explicit in its requirements. In D&C 1, the Lord states that the can not look up sin with the least degree of allowance. Other places show that “…no unclean thing can dwell with God.” (1 Nephi 10). So the logical conclusion is then that we either change how God works, which is impossible; or we satisfy the requirement. So how do we satisfy it?
The Lord outlines the process: forsake sins and come unto him (Mosiah 4). But for some, this instruction could be ambiguous. So, let’s look at a clearer instruction for D&C 88:68, wherein the Lord, speaking to Joseph Smith, states: “…sanctify yourselves that your minds become single to God, and the days will come that you shall see him; for he will unveil his face unto you…”
Here the Lord is more explicit: he expects us to sanctify ourselves. What’s also important to notice is that he outlines what he means by sanctification–our minds our single to God. This is a major detail because what this means is that when our minds are single to God we act and think like God. Using a checklist approach is not going to achieve this, because it does not produce a change of heart. To get to this point, is when a person has allowed himself to be transformed into a different creature–one that whose focus is placed solely on God.
Furthermore, the checklist approach doesn’t address the character deficits we have. The purpose of God’s commandments is to change us by giving us access to greater light and truth (see D&C 93).
Merely checking off keeping the commandments in a manner similar to a chore chart is not going to produce this, because it doesn’t produce a change of heart and it can cause us to misunderstand the real commandments. In fact, it can actually hinder our salvation by causing us to believing that we are more righteous than we really are. And this false believe is a deception, and we can’t expect to receive God and his Spirit if we act in deception (2 Nephi 31).
To see who God expects us to be, let’s turn to 2 Peter, who writes:
5 And beside this, giving all diligence, add to your faith virtue; and to virtue knowledge;6 And to knowledge temperance; and to temperance patience; and to patience godliness;7 And to godliness brotherly kindness; and to brotherly kindness charity.8 For if these things be in you, and abound, they make you that ye shall neither be barren nor unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ.
Peter refers to this as the divine nature, cultivating this nature brings us into God’s presence. If we are lacking in any one of these attributes, we are not yet saved. To get her requires a us to humble ourselves before God and submit to his will, so that we can be transformed.
Create and In- and Out-Group
Another result that follows from using the temple recommend questions as our measure of moral uprightness is that it draws arbitrary lines between the nominal righteous and wicked. Because there is an established standard of righteousness, we assume that those who do not meet that standard to enter the temple are not “worthy” to, while those who can are. This is a very simplistic and naive understanding of the gospel and it is also quite arrogant. Now, there may be certain behaviors that are clearly sinful, those who have no interest in God. While I pray that they come back to God, I am not addressing that group. The group I am addressing are the ones who haven’t fully conformed to the standards in a way we would prefer. It is that group that is excluded from the in group of the “righteous.”
Examples in the scriptures reveal that humans have difficult time assessing a person’s character. When it came to ordaining a king after the fall of King Saul, the prophet Samuel assumed that one of David’s brothers would be the next king, failing to realize that Lord had David in mind. Another example is the Lord calling Paul, a previous persecutor of the saints, into his service. But the primary example is that of the Lord himself.
Christ’s earthly ministry should serve as a check for us when are tempted to categorize people into righteous and wicked groups, because that criteria, a set of standards, would’ve assigned Christ into the “out-group.” To see why, let’s look at his ministry:
- He associated and befriended a subset of Jewish society who openly flaunted morality and religious observance (this includes prostitutes and tax collectors) by eating and conversing with them. (The examination of Near East and Roman customs reveal that eating together was “an open display of friendship and acceptance of one another.)
- He healed on the Sabbath
- Conversed publicly with women. (Jewish teaching warned against spending too much time talking with women because of the temptation and appearance of impropriety. Moreover, the rabbinic teaching in the Mishnah cautioned against talking “too much with women,” the rationale being that doing so take time away from studying the scriptures and can bring trouble).
- He openly denounced the religious authority and refrained from following their religious prescriptions.
- He broke the tradition of fully washing hand before eating.
Although the Jewish religious society did not have list of “recommend” questions like we have and the process for entering the temple was different than today, the important thing to note is that the religious Jewish society had a set of standards that Jesus did not adhere to. And while those standards are different than today, the nevertheless the were standards that the Jewish religious used to measure moral uprightness, placed Jesus in the out-group.
Such an observation should give us pause as to how we go about assessing righteousness. It should also cause us to reflect upon what really matters to God, and that we could be, despite our best intentions, actually missing the weightier things of the gospel.
Conclusion
Instead of using a list of standards to gauge our moral uprightness and standing before God, let us instead go directly to God and ask him to show us what matters to him. The failure to do so results in us believing that we are morally better off than we suppose. The recommend questions are a crude measurement of our standing and for one to rely solely on that is to miss the actual chances for real growth and improvement. The expectation God has for us is a lot bigger than what can be asked from a list of 15 questions and is more nuanced than could be assessed by a human leader in a 15 minute interview.